American Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper introduces prompt engineering using large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, as a groundbreaking method for enhancing critical thinking and promoting equity in education. Critical thinking is crucial to student success in today’s rapidly evolving, information-rich world. By training students to write effective prompts for AI systems, this paper engages learners in inquiry, hypothesis testing, and iterative problem-solving, fostering essential critical thinking skills. Furthermore, prompt engineering democratizes education by providing underprivileged students with free or low cost access to advanced AI tools, helping bridge educational disparities.
Integrating prompt engineering into general education promotes both cognitive development and social equity. This approach addresses the challenge of embedding critical thinking skills into curricula while ensuring inclusivity. Prompt engineering, defined as the process of crafting AI prompts, leverages ChatGPT—a widely accessible and cost-effective tool that aligns with modern educational objectives. The cognitive processes involved mirror those of programming, encouraging active, reflective learning that significantly enhances students’ critical thinking abilities. The availability and affordability of ChatGPT ensure that all students, regardless of socio-economic background, can access high-quality educational resources, thus leveling the playing field for diverse learners.
This paper, supported by a comprehensive literature review spanning cognitive psychology, educational psychology, instructional design, computer science education, and sociocultural theory, demonstrates strong evidence that programming and interactive learning environments improve cognitive skills, logical reasoning, and creativity. Incorporating AI-driven active learning strategies further enhances student engagement and educational outcomes.
This paper proposes prompt engineering as a key component of the general education curriculum. It outlines a transformative, inclusive educational model that combines theoretical lessons, hands-on activities, and discussions on ethical AI usage. This innovative approach equips students with the critical thinking skills required for success in a technology-driven world while ensuring equitable, high-quality learning opportunities for all.