The Role of Pediatric Nursing Staff in the Prevention of Medication Errors
1University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research
Development, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
2Américo Brasiliense State Hospital, Américo Brasiliense, São Paulo, Brazil
3Nursing and Public Health Research, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
Abstract
A descriptive study was conducted in a pediatric unit of a Brazilian hospital at São Paulo state. The
purpose of this study were to classify the types of medication errors occurring in a pediatric unit, and to discuss
the role of the nursing team in preventing these errors. The sample consisted of 23 medication errors that occurred
during 20 days. Data was collected through direct and non-participant observation of medication preparation and
administration. The most common errors detected were incorrect preparation technique (52.2%), incorrect time
(34.8%) with higher frequency occurring during the morning shifts (50.0%), unauthorized drug (8.7%) and dose
errors (4.3%). The pharmacological classes most involved in wrong technique were antimicrobials (66.7%),
followed by analgesics (33.3%). The development of protocols for preparation and administration of medications
can help the nursing professionals to provide medication safety, especially for pediatric patients, who usually
receive fractionated doses.
