American Research Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology

Workineh Tesema*1 Yehuwalashet Bekele2

In Ethiopia University library was providing a traditional way of services. The traditional library service was backward on effective information disseminations as well as it brings impact on the development of information centers. The present study focuses on factors hindering the development of library and information centers in Ethiopia. The questionnaire, observation and interview are used to investigate the underlying influences that affect library. The key problems addressed were lack of staff training and shortage of necessary facilities. As the result argued that the library has lack of staff training and shortage of ICT facilities by 88.6% and 97.2% respectively. For University library, the window of network (Internet) should be recommended to upgrade their services to allocate updated and current reference services and Internet services.

1*Dr. Hardik Gohel, 2Dr. Bhavesh Kumar Garsondiya, 3Dr. Aarti Kothia, 4Mr. Hitesh Jani

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), sometimes called a direct neural interface or a brain-machine interface (BMI), is a direct communication between the brain and an external device. BCIs are often designed to help increase or repair cognitive or human sensomotor functions. Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMI) or Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI), also known as neuro-prostheses, are conceived as technological interfaces between a host (typically a computer) and a user’s brain. It should allow the use to perform a specific task, usually without performing any motor action. This implies that nerve impulses generated by the user’s brain are detected, processed and used by the machine, almost in real time, to perform defined tasks. As an example, information can be processed and used to control mechanical systems (e.g. actuators) or electrical devices (eg electronic devices). It is now very difficult to read the neuroimaging of the brain computer interfacing the human brain. There are several studies that describe the methodology of doing so, but not enough, which leads us to a deliberative study of various brain imaging methods of reading on the human brain’s computer interface. This article includes several types of brain imaging methods for the Human Brain (H-BCI) computer interface.

Dr. Ramadan Elaiess 

Research Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to sheds new light on the importance of information and communication technology infrastructure and its significant role in establishing an information-based society. It intendeds to focus on the current state of ICT infrastructure in developing countries and discuss its potency and influence on enhancing the competitiveness and productivity that needs to be improved in order to foster the total economy of those countries. It will also concentrate on the digital divide between advanced countries and third world nations. This paper aims to accomplish another goal related directly to Action Plan that might be formulated to lead to an information society in developing countries and the Arabic speaking world. This, in turn, will reflect positively on the economy of developing countries and assist in establishing the targeted knowledge - based society as a forward step. The objective of this paper is to draw an outline for the transition route which should take place in developing countries in order to establish an information - based society as the transition route has become a compulsory corridor and not a matter of choice. It is also essential to point out in this context that this paper will suggest different ways and approaches that might assist the Arab states in the transition course by implementing policies and strategies derived from the recommendations of the World Summit on the Information Society. Methodology / Approach: The design of this paper is based on different tools such as personal readings of intellectual production, literature review, experience, and the insights of other researchers and experts in the scope of ICTs. In addition to that, the paper is also based on the recommendations of the World Summit on the Information Society which was held in two phases. The first phase took place in Geneva during 2003 and the second in Tunis during 2005. The main objective of WSIS was to bridge the digital divide between developing and developed countries and to promote the creation of an equitable and all-inclusive information society. Research Implications: This paper may assist ICT policy makers as well as information policy makers in the third world countries to develop innovative guiding principles that position ICT infrastructures and information technology applications such as E-learning, E-business, E-commerce, E-health, E-government and so on, as a part of a strategic plan. This, in turn, is expecting to assist in solving a lot of problems associated with weakness of access to up-to-date information required for improving the current situation and to encourage the adoption of ICT in those countries. Originality / Value: This paper adds new information and deepens understanding of a significant issue. It is the first of its kind to provide information and considerable insights on the current scenario of ICT infrastructures in developing countries. It indicates also existing obstacles, barriers, difficulties, suggestion, and recommendations for further development. Findings and Conclusion: The paper reveals that effective adoption of ICT in developing countries will accelerate the level of knowledge acquisition and consequently improve national development. The paper also concludes with a proposal for developing and enhancing the current scenario by adopting some programs that can facilitate achieving the targeted goals and highlights important policy considerations relevant to ICTs infrastructure development.  

Dr. Vijay Tiwari 

Use of OFDM over multiple carriers is in use for some time now. Multiple carriers’ performance relies on the diversity. In case of diversity with multiple receive and transmit antennas, every antenna receives a linear combination of individual transmissions and added noise. However concept of channel decoupling by using Single Value Decomposition (SVD) has been employed to ensure decoupling among MIMO channels. In this paper we have shown that a decoupled channel behaves as if undergoing spatial multiplexing. Transmission without distortion is always a priority and hence concept of coherence bandwidth has been considered and its effects on the channel bandwidth are reported. Doppler Shift effects over MIMO channel are discussed. Dependence of BER on SNR has been simulated for various cases where in combinations of multiple transmission and reception antennas have been discussed.

Ammar Suhail Balouch

The goal of a distributed computation algorithm is to determine the result of a function of numerical elements, which are distributed in multi sets.It is known that computation of holistic aggregation functions on distributed multi sets indeed requires more work than non holistic aggregation functions. But with this article we will prove that the computation of a holistic function, which named exact median, can be computed efficiently by providing both a candidate finding and a deterministic location algorithms which computes the position of exact median, dispelling the misconception that solving distributed median computation through parallel aggregation is infeasible. Some of most important part in Big Data field is to evaluate massive data values. A special case in this field is the calculation of smallest values (specially the median) of distributed multi sets containing enormous data. Many approximation algorithms and algorithms with iterative or recursive steps of determination of median give solutions for the computation of median. But firstly sometime approximate value is dangerous for some data evaluation projects or researchs and secondly with other algorithms, the data blocking time is too long through the iteration or the recursionbetweenglobal node and local nodes. This article focuses on a solution that gives a best effectively computation for this problem named PCM-oMaRS algorithm. The PCM- oMaRS algorithm guarantees the maximal reduction steps of the computation of the exact median in distributed multi sets and proves that we can compute the exact median effectively without needing the usage of recursive or iterative methods at the global communication level, which reducesthe blocking timemaximally. This algorithm provides more efficient execution not only in distributed multi sets even in local multi set with enormous data.

N.Raveendran1, Dr. Antony Selvadoss Thanamani2

Cloud computing is an emerging technology at present. Lots of small and medium businesses industries are increasingly realizing the benefits of cloud computing and are moving towards cloud computing environment. By using cloud computing, the users, quickly and dynamically share their resources at minimal costs. Due to this increased efficiency and the decreased cost, this service has got a huge popularity in digital libraries of many institutions. The institutions which use cloud for their digital libraries are little discomfort due to many uncovered potential and critical threats which remain most security issues to consider on cloud computing. Security is a major issue in digital library system. The security weakness in digital libraries leads to unauthorized access of confidential information or loss of integrity of the stored data. Also, it may leads to loss of trust for publishers and for other content providers on library.The abundance of these systems and emergence of new and different threats require efficient security mechanisms. To overcome these issues, this paperintroduced autonomic based cloud computing approach for self-protecting and self-optimizing digital library database system environment that captures dynamic and fine-grained trade-offs between security and quality of service.

Ammar Suhail Balouch

The recognition of motion is widely used in games development field but it is active too in care systems. Recognition of motion according measurements needs data (values) from many sensors, like Position, Velocity, Acceleration, Orintation, etc. We have two major ways to determine which placements of sensors on the body are required to recognize the motion. The first way connects its work with the results of other science branches like sports science and game development. The other one depends on the following strategy. Many sensors were placed on the body, without the knowledge, which sensors are required. Then according an analysis of the stored data for each sensors, the behavioral similarity of these sensors will be extracted.The target of both ways is to reduce the cost of building a suit of sensors, and simultaneously to keep the results of the recognition of motion correct.In this paper we follow the second way and define a new regression analysis“ReSeVA” depending on vector definition(on its angles and longs) and on the principle of Newton’s law of metion.

Abdullah Alsulami, Darren Teo, Weiyi He

Combining iris biometric system and cryptography will provide a strong security authentication and high performance. Iris-based cryptosystem appears to be the strongest way to generate a key and authenticate users among other biometric recognition such as voice and fingerprint that because the randomness, uniqueness, and stability of Iris. Iris biometric cryptography is a technique used to secure communication and encrypt data between parties using biometric features to provide a False Accept Ratio (FAR) and a False Reject Ratio (FRR). This report also described the effective biometric security techniques for iris recognition system with high confidence and high performance. The Iris system is based on an experimental analysis of chosen iris images for same and different persons using several steps. The system steps based on the segmentation, normalization, image enhancement, feature extraction, and encoding.

Abdullah Alsulami 

Nowadays managing big data is one of the most challenges in data management. Big data mining has become a major focus of data management in the world helping to provide detailed data that informs major decisions, to adequately understand the concept of big data mining. This research paper is analysis four research articles and conferences papers from various aspects of big data mining regarding their approaches, issues, findings and improvements that articles have had in the field of data mining, and addresses the gap in data mining literature. The large volumes of data and the various types, and sources of data that act as barriers to big data mining will be discussed in details. The application of big data mining in clinical medicine will be discussed as well to identify how it improves the clinical decision making and practices. The methods that have been used to analyse and increase the efficiency and accuracy of the data mining process will be identified to provide a critical information to guide industries to make the proper decision.