American Research Journal of Business and Management

Dr. Rambabu Lavuri 1, Prof. D. Sreeramulu 2

At present scenario, an environmental aspect has turned into a key issue. The green market concept has turn into the trendy expression in most recent decade because of sensational increment in environmental consciousness around the world. Purpose of the investigation is to find out the environmental consciousness and studying respondent’s attitudes & perception, and drive factors to purchasing towards green products. The research data were composed through survey and interview methods by the structure questionnaire from the 429 respondents from three districts of Telanagna state in India. The results revealed that media exposure had a significant impact on the consumer perception & attitude, along these lines environmental driving factors show great influence on perception & attitude towards purchasing eco friendly products and Consumers attitude and perception have positive impact on purchasing eco friendly products. As per results, respondents have positive association and more environmental consciousness by the purchasing of eco-friendly products. Finally, the study concluded that the consumers are familiar about the environmental aspects and also their green awareness is high. To increase the sales volume of ecological sustainable items, marketers need to adopt a better marketing mix for their eco-friendly items in order to change respondent’s negative perception and develop eco-awareness towards green products. Similarly, government should take responsibility towards creating better awareness about environmental consciousness and eco friendly products by purchasing green products.

Dr. Rambabu Lavuri1; Prof. D. Sreeramulu2

At present scenario, an environmental aspect has turned into a key issue. The green market concept has turn into the trendy expression in most recent decade because of sensational increment in environmental consciousness around the world. Purpose of the investigation is to find out the environmental consciousness and studying respondent’s perception and knowledge level towards purchasing eco friendly green products. The research data were composed through survey and interview methods by the structure questionnaire from the 429 respondents from the areas of three districts of Telanagna state in India. The results revealed that respondents have positive perception with purchasing green eco friendly products and they show more environmental consciousness by the purchasing of eco-friendly products. Finally, the study concluded that the consumers are familiar about the environmental aspects and also their knowledge is high regarding green products. To increase the sales volume of ecological sustainable items, marketers need to adopt a better marketing mix for their eco-friendly items in order to change respondent’s negative perception and develop eco-awareness towards green products. Similarly, government should take responsibility towards creating better awareness about environmental consciousness and eco friendly products by purchasing green products.

G. Ramu1; Prof. D. Sreeramulu2; Dr. Rambabu Lavuri3

The employee’s perceptions of hedges to implementing food safety practices in select food companies. The research study is focused on six food safety dimensions for easy to assessment of food problems and implementing food safety practices in select food companies. The six dimensions are related to food safety the respondent’s questionnaire were received from 520 employees are working in four food companies. The food safety dimensions are classified that employees demographics profile, Food safety Methods, Quality Assurance, Hygienic, Pest Control, Quality Control. As per the dimensions food companies are following food safety methods. The food companies adopted advance technology for cleaning and Hygienic maintenance, sanitation technology for surfaces cleaning work. The main sources of knowledge regarding food safety were educational training and equipment training which help for food manufacturing with safety making of products and high quality with low cost. Food safety practice is an important Public Health issue to prevent or control food-borne illnesses. The governments all over the world are intensifying their efforts to improve food safety. The food safety is usually managed through regulation, Quality Assurance and Hazard Analysis Control Critical Point, Good Manufacture Practice, Quality Mmanagement System, Global Food Safety Initiatives, International Organization for standards 22000, these are internationally recognized logical tools for adapting traditional inspection methods to modern methods. The Prevention of Food Adulteration Act was introduced by the Government of India in1954. It was replaced by the FSSAI in 2011. According to this act, Food protection from contamination that may lead to the health risk of consumer.

Abayneh Feyso Ergetew

Potato is among the major root and tuber crops and share 41.14% of area coverage and 29.9% of total production. Almost all improved potato varieties released in Ethiopia mature within 124 days, which made potato shorter crop cycle among horticultural crops and is regarded as food security crop in Ethiopian. Around 80% of potatoes are sold as ware tubers and 85% of them is consumed fresh. Each potato consumers have their own quality criteria to purchase potato. To fulfill these consumers preference all chain actors expected to coordinate and collaborate along the chain. This review article was done to review value chain performance of potato in Ethiopia from financial performance perspective. Specifically, it aim to review potato value chain actors and their role, actors value additions and profit share along chain and to recommended leverage point to upgrade potato value chain in Ethiopia. To came up with well-organized review result, empirical studies conducted in potato value chain in Ethiopia for different purpose, published documents and value chain research guide books were reviewed systematically. To determine performance analysis of potato value chain in Ethiopia, financial perspective of percentage value added along the chain and value share by each chain actors were used and comparisons were held. Review results indicate that compared to producer farmers, traders adding low cost margins and sharing market margin and profit margin. Tariff setting and fixing responsibility of brokers, establishment of well-organized market information system and functional upgrading of producers recommended improve potato value chain performance in Ethiopia.

Dr. Gulshan Kumar1, Som Prakash2

The idea of Goods &Service Tax (GST) was contemplated in 2004 by the Task Force, named Kelkar Committee, on the implementation of Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2003 in India. This Committee was convinced that a dual GST system shall be able to tax all the goods and services in Indian Economy. It will be helpful to cover wider market of tax base system and also help to improve revenue collection through levying and collection of indirect tax. According to GST, every person is liable to pay tax on output and tax will be apply only on value added amount. GST consider the principle of “one nation, one tax and one market.” GST exists in more than 160 countries of the world. It will help to improve the productivity in the country as well as benefited to the consumers because as maximum rate of GST is predetermined. It helps to avoid double taxation system, tax evasion etc. Government proposed State GST as well as Central GST. State GST includes sales tax/ VAT which are collected by states and Central GST includes excise duty, custom duty, service tax etc which are imposed by Central Government. In GST, goods and services rates classified under different five categories of taxes: - 0 percent, 5 percent, 12percent, 18percent and 28 percent. The GST bill was implemented in India from 1st April 2017. In this particular research paper we discuss about probable pros and cons of GST system in Indian context and positive and negative impact of GST on businesses and Indian Economy.

Ali MS1,2*, Cook K1 

Microfinance refers to the practice of providing financial services to poor people to alleviate poverty, such as micro-credit, micro-savings or micro-insurance. Small loans are made to start their own business. Such loans are generating jobs and income. Starting with micro-credit, income from these businesses enables lenders to enjoy better accommodation, health care and education. They get hope for a better future when they earn additional income. International micro-loan repayment is higher than ninety five percent, allowing micro-finance institutions to turn over these funds to even more customers. Microfinance helps one to break the cycle of deprivation in a single generation itself by giving a hand up. It can be concluded from this study that the empowerment of women is greatly improved by microfinance. It is also noted that the Self-Help Groups can provide the expected benefits to rural women folk by providing training on soil conservation, social forestry, dairy production, fisheries, livestock, horticulture and other related activities.

Richard J. Hunter, Jr.

This article is a primer on various forms of property ownership; specifically, condominiums, cooperatives, and time shares. The article will consider legal and financial aspects dealing with creation, financing, and project development. Issues relating to alienation of rights, ownership rights, duties of the board of directors, covenants and other restrictions, and potential tort liability will be discussed in a comparative manner. Special consideration will be given to the “interval ownership” form and difficulties inherent in this ownership form when the underlying property owner runs into financial difficulty—possibly even filing bankruptcy—and questions relating to cancellation of time share contracts. 

Mr. Tesfaye Megiso Begajo (MA)1*, Mr. Yidenek Woldesenbet Billina (MBA)2, Mr. Gubay Anley Getie (MBA)3

Cooperative enterprise is one of the business enterprises with its peculiar characteristics of solving its members’ economic, social, and cultural problems where individuals couldn’t solve alone. The seventh ICA principle of “concern for community” clearly urges the cooperatives to carry out sustainable community development activities. Even though the cooperatives are serving the community directly or indirectly, their sight to the concept Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is not clearly considered by their members, academicians, and the government. The objective of this study was to assess the practices performed by Coffee Producer Farmers’ Cooperative Unions regarding Corporate Social Responsibility for community development at the study area. For this study both primary and secondary data source were used. The size of respondents was 395 members of Cooperative Society and 50 Government officials. The data was analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS version 20. The finding shows that there are job creation, supply of agricultural input, and expansion of coffee processing industry for serving both members and non-members, whereas drawback on the awareness creation to the community, absence of participation of community during planning, implementing, and evaluating community concerned project, limited and inconsistent allocation of community concerned fund, non-representing Corporate Social Responsibility financial statements at unions’ offices for CSR budget. It is recommended as such management body of the unions should participate the community during planning, implementing, and evaluating socially responsible projects, cooperative social responsibility practices should be thoroughly supervised and supported by the government, cooperatives from their annual surplus should allocate community development fund, both GOs and NGOs working on sustainable development activity at that area must work with cooperatives, and Cooperatives have to maintain separate book of account to record financial activities of cooperative social responsibility practices.

FABINU, Idris. Babatude1, MAKINDE, Kazeem. Olajide2*, Folorunso Akeem Olalekan1

Economic development is an important issue in the 21st Century. The attention has therefore being focused on microfinance institutions and their contributions towards economic development. The main objective of this paper is to sample the opinion of professional accountants on the contribution of Microfinance Institutions credit towards economic development in Nigeria. The study proposes some credit strategies to be adopted by MFIs for them to be able to contribute meaning to the development of the economy. The population of the study comprises of accountants in Ogun State Nigeria, upon which they were stratified in to three (3) strata (sector), viz, Accountants in the Public, Private and Industry sector. One hundred and eighty-four (184) of the population constituted the sample size selected through convenient sampling across each stratum. A combination of descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data collected. The study revealed that credit subsidy by relevant arms of government (0.604) was found to be significant at 1% with a coefficient value of (3.455). This implies that credit subsidy as an adopted credit strategy influence the level of output of economically active individuals and SMEs. Thus, the more MFIs adopt the use of credit subsidy as a credit strategy the likelihood the effect of economy is being suppressed. Other significant parameters are Sourcing for external funds (0.127) significant at 1%, training on proper utilization of credit facility (.035) significant at 10%. The implication of these is that as beneficiaries are trained on the utilization of credit, the less likelihood would the effect of GDP growth be observed. In all, credit subsidies, sourcing for external funds by MFI and training on proper utilization of credit beneficiaries was all found to influence the output of MFI activities as a credit strategy for economic development. The study therefore, recommends that, accountants and Managing Directors of various MFIs should adopt the credit strategies propounded in the study for them to be able to contribute meaningfully towards government efforts and economic development at large.

Siti Maemunah, Asep Hermawan, Hotniar Siringoringo

Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) plays a key role in actualizing the Indonesian economic growth. Job opportunities, tax contribution, export business, and import revenue facilitate the distribution of commodities and help develop the human resources. This research aims to unveil the effects of strategic orientation, technology innovation, and business strategy in improving business performance of SME of fashion industry in Jakarta. The data was collected from questionnaires distributed to 250 respondents. The data was analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM) and processed with LISREL 8.8. The result of this research proves that strategic orientation plays a positive in business strategy. Based on such finding, it is concluded that ways to sustain and increase the effectivity of strategic orientation are to collect information regarding customers’ needs and desires, to agree upon a commitment from all decision makers and employees to satisfy customers, and to improve business performance. By technology innovation, old-design products can have new designs which meet the market’s expectation and are qualified. Also, the process innovation is effective to make business performance even better. Business strategy has to assure the ability of fast-handling in order to improve business performance, especially in tough situation such as internal and external threats. For every sold unit, business performance will improve.