American Research Journal of Business and Management

Mona Alsolami

The purpose of this paper is to identify the differences between generations in different period of times from 1946 to 2000, and how each type is very distinctive in some aspects. There are four types of generations: traditionalists, Baby Boomers, Gen-Xers, and Nexters. This paper clarifies how those generations have been affected by their environment and how their characteristics affected the communities they lived in.

Dr. Joseph. F. Adebisi, Ph.D., FcNA, AcTI, MNIM, MAcFEI, cPA-Ireland; Okike B. Matthew, BSc. M. Sc., cNA

The Treasury Single Account (TSA) is a system of accounting in the public sector where all government revenue generated are paid into a single central account. It is an efficient way of managing public fund for efficient and effective people oriented government. More so, it has been identified by the Federal Government of Nigeria as an efficient tool for curbing revenue leakage, which some state government have adopted and implemented, but it is not certain how this has played out so far at the state level. As such it is imperative to study the effectiveness of the TSA in Nigerian state. Primary data were collected from via question while the analysis was done using regression analysis with the aid of SPSS 22. The result of the study revealed that the TSA adoption is an effective tool for curbing revenue leakage in Nigerian states. It is recommended that those states that are yet to adopt the TSA, adopt and implement it for efficient fund management and curbing revenue leakage. In addition, that adequate working system of the TSA should be put in place to ensure its objective is achieved.

Almas Sabir

In a competitive business climate, many businessmen are looking at improvements in quality while reducing costs. Meanwhile, a strong economy has resulted in a strict job market. So while small businesses need to get more from their employees, their employees are looking for more out of them. Employee reward and recognition programs are one method of motivating employees to change work habits and key behaviors to benefit a small business. This paper will highlight the outstanding performance of entrepreneurs by providing an edge to competitive corporate climate. In this paper we will also discuss how to improve, develop and implement reward program that will encourage communication between employees and management .When the reward is changed frequently, employees will be more surprised and the process will be more exciting. When employees are excited about rewards, they will work harder to achieve them.

Dr. Joseph Femi Adebisi, Phd, FCNA, ACTI, MNIM, MACFEI1, Okike Benjamin Matthew, Bsc. M. Sc., CNA2

The study considered the impact of non-performing loans on firms’ profitability of banks in Nigeria. The increased incidence of non-performing loans (NPL) in Nigerian bank generated the current literature on quality of banks profitability. Though there have been reforms in the banking industry to ensure effective financial institutions, the banks shareholders funds are affected by the non-performing loans. This study made use of secondary data obtained from the Annual Report and Statement of Accounts of the NDIC for a period of seven (7) years (2006- 2012). Data were analyzed using the regression statistical tools. The first result revealed that there is no relationship between the Non-performing Loans (NPL) and Return on Assets (ROA) of Nigerian Banks. This means that the asset values of the firms are not affected by the level of NPL. The shareholders wealth maximization is affected as second result showed that there is a relationship between the Non-performing Loan (NPL) and Return on Equity (ROE) of Nigerian Banks. It is recommended that the banks should ensure that the banks customer has viable means of repaying the loan, which should be monitored to ensure efficiency.   

Abhishek Singh1, Dipankar Dey2, Sukanta Chandra Swain 3 

When the number of subscribers in telecom sector in India has reached its saturation point, creating and acquiring new customers is not only difficult but also costly in terms of marketing parlance. Hence, the best core marketing strategy for the future is to endeavor to retain existing customers. The competition is fierce and subscribers limited, hence, the need to safeguard existing invaluable customer base. Sustainability of today’s Telecom business is majorly dependent on way the service provider handles and ring-fences its customers. Knowing your customer is at the core of the business. Thus developing customer retention strategies has been turned to be the need of hour. However, amidst cut-throat competition and saturating customer base, developing strategies to retain customers is undoubtedly a tough task. Considering the urge, we have tried to devise a framework for studying customer behavior in Indian telecom sector, particularly in the telecom zone of Bihar state, for the sake of developing customer retention strategies. The framework will facilitate research for understanding its customers and the factors in and around the customer which will trigger a specific action from him/her. It does not stop in only seeing the customer from the product and service proposition from the operator side but also understanding factors beyond like Age, Sex, Economic condition, geography, education etc.  

Dr. Vinay Kant1, Mr.Surya Prakash Yadav2 

The Port of Kandla is located on the Gulf of Kutch on the northwestern coast of India some 256 nautical miles southeast of the Port of Karachi in Pakistan and over 430 nautical miles north-northwest of the Port of Mumbai (Bombay). It is the largest port of India by volume of cargo handled. Kandla history kandla Port Trust, India's busiest major port in recent years, is gearing to add substantial cargo handling capacity with private sector participation. The west coast port handled 72.225 million tonnes of cargo in 2012-13, over 11 per cent more than 64.920 million tonnes handled in 2011-12. Even as much of this growth has come from handling of crude oil imports, mainly for Essar Oil's Vadinar refinery in Gujarat, the port is also taking measures to boost non-POL cargo. Last fiscal, POL traffic accounted for 63 per cent of the total cargo handled at Kandla Port, as against 59 per cent in 2011-12. 

Faisal Alsalamah

Computer programs and services are delivered online through the ever-present Internet from mega data centers are collectively referred to as „cloud computing‟. The emergence of this form of computing has important implications for commercial and government organizations with security and data privacy being major concerns. Despite, one important caveat is that many of the attractive features of cloud computing can be at variance with the traditional models of security and control systems associated with conventional „desktop computing‟. In this paper, a brief overview of cloud services is provided together with an analysis and discussion of the inherent security risks associated with this form of computing. In particular, six of the main potential threats to cloud computing have been considered, namely data breaches, data loss, insecure interfaces and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), denial of service, account hijacking, and potential abuse of cloud services. These threats, the role that technology can play in combating them, and the safeguards implemented to prevent violation of cloud computing systems are highlighted. In addition, the methods available to control these risks are discussed together with the measures that organizations can implement to prepare for cloud outages. 

Miin-Yu Peng

The paper first analyze the loan concentration of Taiwan industries between year 1990 to 2014. The high five industries are orderly as finance, shipping, tourism, semi-conductive and steel, respectively. However, DRAM, LED, LCD and Solar are the four supporting industries in Taiwan. Yet, they were in financial crisis through the change of domestic and foreign economic environment. The government try to rescue these industries, it will lead to the high loan concentration. Not only affect the business performance, but also increase the non-performing loans. In empirical study, the paper apply panel data regression model with fixed effect to discuss the relationship of loan concentration on return of asset(ROA). The results show that the coefficient of loan concentration is negative. Which implies that the high loan concentration will decrease the ROA of industries and banking. 

Faisal Alsalamah 

In this work we are going to analyze the data collected from three services environment cultures which in our case are the airlines: United airlines, Hawaiian airlines and Delta airlines. We have selected airlines organizations to conduct participant observation and ethnographic methods to collect "moments of truth" data. The data collected in our team's observations will be used to describe and analyze the cultural values apparent in the organization. However, we have selected three different airlines to be under our observation for several times. Nowadays consumers, employees and investors are more aware than ever of the activities going on in the business sector. Organizations may need to have specific organizational structures. Organizational culture is defined as the field of study that explores the impact that people, groups and structure have on the behaviors inside an organization. The main aim of applying such knowledge is to improve the effectiveness of organization. Therefore, managing organizational culture is indispensable for every modern day organization for it to sustain its dynamic existence and compete effectively with other organizations of its era. An organization’s ability to change is often a make-or-break proposition in today’s competitive marketplace. The three service environments have their own cultural values prevalent and this report aims at analyzing them to see which service environment got the right combination. 

Muhammad Nadeem1, Ammar Ahmed

The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on gross domestic product (GDP) in Pakistan from 2006 to 2010. The growth of gross domestic product (GDP) is also measured in this study. Multiple regression model is used to measure the association among gross domestic product (GDP,) foreign direct investment and Inflation. FDI and inflation (CPI) are independent variables and GDP is dependent variable. There is positive and significant connection between GDP and FDI but a negative and significant relationship found between GDP and inflation.