American Research Journal of Business and Management

Nishi Gupta1, Dr. Pramod Gupta2

As countries and industries continue to cope with the unparalleled challenges presented by the novel coronavirus (COVID 19), a specific area of concern has been the uncertainty surrounding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global and Indian supply chains of the pharmaceutical industry. The COVID-19 crisis has demonstrated the importance of establishing a risk management system that focuses on assessing future risks resulting from the loss of a supply chain among countries.

Monika Sharma1, Dr. Pramod Gupta2 

The telecommunications industry is divided into following subsectors: Infrastructure, Equipment, Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MNVO), White Space Spectrum, 5G, Telephone service providers and Broadband. As per GSMA, India is on its way to becoming the second-largest smartphone market globally by 2025 with around 1 billion installed devices and is expected to have 920 million unique mobile subscribers by 2025 which will include 88 million 5G connections. Over the last thirteen years, the Indian Telecom Tower industry has seen a significant growth. An average of 29,000 new towers has been built per year. It is also estimated that 5G technology will contribute approximately $450 billion to the Indian Economy in the period of 2023-2040.

Ibrahim Alswidan, Denis Hyams-Ssekasi

According to the main strategic document in Saudi Arabia, Strategic Vision 2030, one of commitments is to continue investing in education so that young people are equipped for the jobs of the future. Currently, in Saudi Arabia there is no clear picture about the influence of that proclaimed strategical focus to the reality in public education, specifically in IT studies. Based on an empirical investigation in IT universities in Saudi’s capital city Riyadh, this paper reveals characteristics of the IT studies and its alignment to the job market needs, from the perspective of students. The research is conducted among students at the final years in public universities with IT department in Riyadh. Primary data is obtained by on-line survey, individual interviews and focus group discussions. Research findings showed that strategic planning decisions made by public authorities during previous years strongly influenced the part of the higher public education of information technology in Universities in Riyadh. It confirmed that large investments in education have yielded results in a high students’ satisfaction with: a) faculty equipment (education tools, libraries and computing facilities); b) computer based labs where research and hands-on activities are performed and c) the high level of applicability of the knowledge and skills gained during the study. Graduated students are flexible and ready to accept the job either in private or public organisation, with flexible working options or as lifetime employments. However, there are still low interests of students to build own business through entrepreneurial activities and they are relatively low interested to study, build career and live outside of Riyadh and other big cities in the country. According to student’s opinions, there is space for modernization and innovation of the study curriculum through the use of interactive software applications and e-learning.

Vladimir I. Avdiskiy, Viacheslav M. Bezdenezhnykh 

Today, the social impact on the processes taking place in the economical space becomes not only an indirect but also an immediate influence factor demanding a more profound account when making prognostic analyses. Based on the theory of prospects by D. Kahneman and A. Tversky, the work investigates the features of perceiving information from the Internet sources when managing risks. The authors propose and substantiate a criterion of veracity as a counterbalance to unreliable information perceived; the criterion is based on the general coherence and connectivity of facts and judgments in the thinking of an individual. The problems of information perception for the purposes of assessing the phenomena and processes of the environment and managerial decision making are identified. It is shown that most of the cultural world-outlook concepts of individuals are very “tenacious” by their nature and remain resistant to changes even under the most favorable circumstances.

Fang Jingxuan1, Xiang Fang2 

China has been growing rapidly over past 40 years. Whether China could keep relatively high speed sustained growth is very important to the whole world. With COVID-19 happening, the uncertainty of its effect becomes bigger and bigger. The paper analyzes the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) total amount situation of China as the second world economy entity. As a developing fast growing country, China has its own characteristics and also has big gap to the first world economy entity USA. With the rapid development of internet especially under COVID-19, the paper analyzes the change of business model development. As a part of national strategies of China, internet is becoming one of most important tools for both business increasing and marketing developing with its users fast growing. The impact of COVID-19 also plays an important part. 

Dennis M. Bulla 

The paper discusses efficiency tests of two popular asset pricing models; Sharpe-Lintner (CAPM) and Fama-French 3 factor model using banking stock data at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The purpose is to propose a more efficient model between the two based on end year returns for 10 banks over the study period 2010-2015. Design: Comparative analysis: Fitting data on stock returns, market returns, size and value factors to the two asset pricing models to find their statistical power measured by R2 and significance of the coefficient alpha. Results: Fama-French 3 factor model has better fit (R2 =77.5%) compared to CAPM (R2=57%) when the bank stock data is analysed and fitted into the two models. However value factor is irrelevant in the 3 factor model. The coefficient alpha is observed not to be different from zero signifying better efficiency for the FF model. Stock return is positively related with market risk(r=0.775, p=0.000) but negatively associated with size (r= -0.841, p=000). Originality: The paper makes unique contribution by validating asset pricing models using bank stock prices at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. It uses end year stock data (low frequency) which can then be compared with higher frequency data models. Lastly a shortened version of Fama-French (1993) is proposed for pricing bank stocks that captures only market risk and size effects as explanatory factors at the NSE.

Dr. Akinwale OMOTOLA

The study investigated the relationship between innovation and corporate social responsibility of multinational firms. The study made use of expo-facto research design to sample ten (10) multinational firms from quoted consumer goods and industrial goods firms for the period of 2014 to 2019 and employ descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple regression technique in the analysis of data. The result showed that economic dimension of corporate social responsibility has a positive coefficient and significant relationship with innovative performance of multinational firm, humanitarian dimension of corporate social responsibility has a positive coefficient and significant relationship with innovative performance of multinational firm and firm size as a control variable has a negative coefficient and significant relationship with innovative performance of multinational firm at 1% level of significance. The study recommended that relevant stakeholders of multinational firms in Nigeria should pay much attention to corporate social responsibility in order to gain competitive advantage in the international market through innovation.

Pradeep Kumar Panda 

This paper is an attempt to broaden the discussion about the prevention of domestic violence against women informed by a rights-based strategy. Specifically, the study discusses the critical elements of a human rights framework to reduce domestic violence, present research findings on the prevalence and correlates of domestic violence in intimate relationships and explore strategies for the prevention of domestic violence on the basis of research and analysis. The study suggests that domestic violence needs to be resituated in the broader social transformation of society and that domestic violence should be conceptualized as violation of a woman’s most basic right. The strength of a rights-based strategy is that it meshes formal treaty doctrines with grassroots activism and critiques of power. The study suggests that right to housing and right to property and inheritance are critical and most fundamental for any strategy in the prevention of domestic violence. Importance of immovable assets and social support is significant in making a difference to the incidence of violence, Changing norms of acceptability of violence in the family is critical to reduce inter-generational transmission of violence, male attitudes and society’s attitudes also need to be changed in this regard. Since prevention of domestic violence requires fundamental changes in attitudes and behavior, it confronts societal and individual resistance to change, Support structures could be both within the family and all stakeholders who can both help in changing attitudes and in helping women acquire immovable assets. This calls for creative community involvement, shared responsibilities, and collective action with the goals to challenge the patriarchal assumptions of power and control and entitlement to women.

Okike B. Matthew1, Prof. Ekoja B. Ekoja2, Dr. Samson I Nyahas2

This study examines the impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value of listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria. The study was motivated by inconsistency in measurement of CSR and conflicting findings by researchers on the relationship between Corporate Social responsibility and firm value. Thus, this study adopted the correlational and ex-post facto research designs. The secondary data were extracted from the annual report and accounts of the 10 listed Deposit Money Banks on the Nigerian Stock Exchange Market as at 31st December 2020. Data collected was analysed using Regression analysis statistical tool with the aid of statistics and data (STATA) analytical package. Findings from the analysis revealed that philanthropic corporate responsibility, ethical corporate responsibility and economic corporate responsibility have positive relationship with the firm value of deposit money banks (DMB’s) listed in Nigeria. while negative relationship exists between legal social responsibilities and firm value of deposit money banks listed in Nigeria. Thus, it is recommended that board and managements of DMBS in Nigeria should avoid being penalised or fined for non compliance or any other reason and ensure that their operations are incompliance with relevant rules and regulations and in line with all Central Bank of Nigeria circulars and ensure that investors’ wealth is maximized. 

Dr. Urmila Rani Srivastava1, Dr. Shamini Srivastava2

The present study was aimed to explore the mediating role of employee engagement in the relationship between multiple dimensions of organizational justice (distributive justice, procedural justice, relational justice and informational justice) and psychological health among Indian banking employees. Data were collected from (N=150) managerial and clerical employees of various public sector banks located in Varanasi (UP). The data of the present study were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and Hierarchical mediated regression analysis. The results of the correlational analysis indicated significant positive relationships between all the dimensions of organizational justice (distributive justice, procedural justice, relational justice and informational justice) and psychological health and employee engagement. The procedure developed by Baron and Kenny (1986) was used to test the proposed mediating effect of employee engagement. The results of mediated regression analysis revealed that employee engagement fully mediated the relationship between informational and relational justice and psychological health and partially mediated the relationships between distributive justice, procedural justice and psychological health. The findings of the study implicated that organizations should understand the importance of employee engagement and it should be viewed as a broad organizational and cultural strategy to enhance psychological health of Indian Banking employees.